Posts tagged God's Promises
How Can We Be Sure God Will Keep His Promises? | Genesis 15:7-21

Series: God's Promises, Our Journey

Title: "How can we be sure God will keep his promises?"

Scripture: Genesis 15:7-21 NIV

Jeremiah 34:17-20

Galatians 3:13-16

Bottom Line: Our confidence in God’s promises rests in His character, His competency, His covenant, and His Christ.

  1. INTRODUCTION

  2. CONTEXT

  3. SERMON OUTLINE

  4. CONCLUSION

  5. NOTES

  6. OUTLINES

  7. QUESTIONS TO CONSIDER

  8. DISCUSSION QUESTIONS

  9. MAIN REFERENCES USED

My opening prayer: Lord God, help us grow to be and do like Jesus, while abiding in him and leading others to do the same.

INTRODUCTION

The Wedding Vow

Most people understand contracts, but marriage vows are closer to biblical covenant.

In a wedding, two people stand before witnesses and promise faithfulness:

“For better or worse, for richer or poorer, in sickness and in health.”

Those vows mean:

“I am committing myself to you even if circumstances change.”

Now imagine a wedding where only one person says the vows.

Imagine the groom saying:

“Even if you fail me, I will remain faithful to you.”

That would be startling.

But that is essentially what happens in Genesis 15.

Abram prepares for a covenant ceremony. He would have expected both parties to pass between the pieces. Instead, Abram is put into a deep sleep, and God alone passes through.

God is saying:

“Abram, this promise finally rests on Me.”

That is how we can be sure God will keep His promises.

Not because we are so faithful, but because He is.

CONTEXT

Genesis 15 comes in the middle of tension.

God has already promised Abram land, offspring, and blessing. But Abram still has no son. Sarai is still barren. The land is still occupied.

So Genesis 15 is about the space between promise and fulfillment.

And in that space, God does not rebuke Abram.

He reassures him.

Last week in Genesis 15:1, God said, “I am your sovereign/shield.”

Now in verses 7–21, God shows Abram WHY He can be trusted.

Bottom Line: Our confidence in God’s promises rests in His character, His competency, His covenant, and His Christ.

SERMON

Genesis 15 has two halves:

Verses 1–6: the promise believed

Verses 7–21: the promise guaranteed

Last week we focused on Abram believing God.

This week we focus on God guaranteeing His promise.

3 BIG TRUTHS

1. God reminds Abram who He is and what He has done (v. 7)

“I am the LORD, who brought you out of Ur of the Chaldeans to give you this land to possess.”

Before God explains what He will do, He reminds Abram who He is and what He has already done.

That is important.

God builds Abram’s confidence in the future by reminding him of His character and His track record.

Two anchors are right there in verse 7:

Who God is: “I am the LORD”

What God has done: “who brought you out of Ur”

God often strengthens our faith the same way.

When we struggle to trust His promises, He points us backward before He points us forward.

He reminds us:

• I am the LORD

• I have been faithful before

• I will be faithful again

Application

When your faith is weak, start here:

• Remember who God is

• Remember what God has done

Our confidence in God’s promises grows when we look at His character and His past faithfulness.

2. God’s covenant promise depends on His faithfulness, not Abram’s performance (vv. 12–17)

This is the heart of the passage.

Abram prepares the covenant animals. In that world, both parties would normally walk between the pieces. It was a solemn way of saying:

“May this happen to me if I break this covenant.”

But Abram never walks through.

Instead:

• Abram is put into a deep sleep

• God alone passes through the pieces

The smoking firepot and blazing torch represent the presence of God.

So what is God saying?

He is saying:

“Abram, I am taking full responsibility for this covenant.”

This promise rests finally on My faithfulness, not yours.

That does not mean Abram’s faith does not matter. It does. But the covenant is not secured by Abram’s perfection. It is secured by God’s commitment.

That is why Abram’s later failures do not cancel God’s promise.

Simple way to say it

Abram receives.

God guarantees.

Illustration

It is like an inheritance.

A father prepares something for his children.

The children do not create it.

They do not negotiate it.

They receive what the father establishes.

Genesis 15 shows us that God is building a covenant family, and Abram is receiving what God creates.

Application

That is good news for us.

If God’s promises depended mainly on our consistency, we would all be in trouble.

But the covenant rests on God’s faithfulness.

3. This covenant ultimately points to Jesus (Galatians 3; Lord’s Supper)

Genesis 15 does not end with Abram. It is foundational. It points forward to Christ.

Think again about the covenant ritual.

Animals are cut apart.

The covenant maker passes between them, saying in effect:

“May I bear the curse if this covenant is broken.”

In Genesis 15, God takes that oath upon Himself.

So the big question becomes:

If people fail God again and again, who will bear the covenant curse?

The answer is Jesus.

Galatians 3:13 says:

“Christ redeemed us from the curse of the law by becoming a curse for us.”

Galatians 3:16 says the promises were ultimately centered in Christ.

So Genesis 15 is pointing ahead to the cross.

At the cross:

• God keeps His promise

• God bears the curse

• God secures salvation for His people

What God symbolized in Genesis 15, He fulfills in Jesus.

God said, in effect, “I will bear the cost.”

And at the cross, He did.

That is why Genesis 15 is one of the clearest foreshadowings of the gospel in the Old Testament.

CONCLUSION

So how can we be sure God will keep His promises?

Because in Genesis 15, God does three things:

• He reminds Abram who He is & what He’s done

• He guarantees the covenant Himself based on His willingness to die for our failures

• He points us forward to Jesus

So when you struggle to trust God, remember:

• Look at His character

• Look at His past faithfulness

• Look at the cross

The cross is the ultimate proof that God keeps His word.

LORD’S SUPPER TRANSITION

As we come to the Lord’s Table, we remember that Jesus is the fulfillment of God’s covenant promise.

At this table we look back and remember:

• Christ has died

• Christ is risen

• Christ will come again

The bread and cup remind us that God does not just make promises.

He keeps them.

Jesus said in Luke 22 that the cup is the new covenant in His blood.

So today we come not trusting in our faithfulness to God, but in God’s faithfulness to us through Christ.

Bottom Line: Our confidence in God’s promises rests in His character, His competency, His covenant, and His Christ.

CLOSING APPEAL

So what is God saying to you today?

Perhaps He is saying:

• Stop measuring My faithfulness by your circumstances

• Remember who I am

• Remember what I have done

• Trust My Son

And what will you do about it?

Will you trust Him again?

Will you rest in His faithfulness?

Will you come to the table grateful that Jesus has secured what you never could?

Amen.

Series: God’s Promises, Our Journey

Title: How Can We Be Sure God Will Keep His Promises?

Scripture: Genesis 15:7–21

Jeremiah 34:17–20

Galatians 3:13–16

1 Corinthians 11:23–26

Luke 22:14–20; 28–30

Hebrews 8:8–12

Bottom Line: Our confidence in God’s promises rests in His character, His competency, His covenant, and His Christ.

INTRODUCTION

The Wedding Vow

Most people understand contracts, but marriage vows are closer to biblical covenant.

In a wedding, two people stand before witnesses and promise faithfulness:

“For better or worse, for richer or poorer, in sickness and in health.”

Those vows mean:

“I am committing myself to you even if circumstances change.”

Now imagine a wedding where only one person says the vows.

Imagine the groom saying:

“Even if you fail me, I will remain faithful to you.”

That would be startling.

But that is essentially what happens in Genesis 15.

Abram prepares for a covenant ceremony. He would have expected both parties to pass between the pieces. Instead, Abram is put into a deep sleep, and God alone passes through.

God is saying:

“Abram, this promise finally rests on Me.”

That is how we can be sure God will keep His promises.

Not because we are so faithful, but because He is.

CONTEXT

Genesis 15 comes in the middle of tension.

God has already promised Abram land, offspring, and blessing. But Abram still has no son. Sarai is still barren. The land is still occupied.

So Genesis 15 is about the space between promise and fulfillment.

And in that space, God does not rebuke Abram.

He reassures him.

Last week in Genesis 15:1, God said, “I am your sovereign/shield.”

Now in verses 7–21, God shows Abram WHY He can be trusted.

Bottom Line: Our confidence in God’s promises rests in His character, His competency, His covenant, and His Christ.

SERMON

Genesis 15 has two halves:

Verses 1–6: the promise believed

Verses 7–21: the promise guaranteed

Last week we focused on Abram believing God.

This week we focus on God guaranteeing His promise.

3 BIG TRUTHS

1. God reminds Abram who He is and what He has done (v. 7)

“I am the LORD, who brought you out of Ur of the Chaldeans to give you this land to possess.”

Before God explains what He will do, He reminds Abram who He is and what He has already done.

That is important.

God builds Abram’s confidence in the future by reminding him of His character and His track record.

Two anchors are right there in verse 7:

Who God is: “I am the LORD”

What God has done: “who brought you out of Ur”

God often strengthens our faith the same way.

When we struggle to trust His promises, He points us backward before He points us forward.

He reminds us:

• I am the LORD

• I have been faithful before

• I will be faithful again

Application

When your faith is weak, start here:

• Remember who God is

• Remember what God has done

Our confidence in God’s promises grows when we look at His character and His past faithfulness.

2. God’s covenant promise depends on His faithfulness, not Abram’s performance (vv. 12–17)

This is the heart of the passage.

Abram prepares the covenant animals. In that world, both parties would normally walk between the pieces. It was a solemn way of saying:

“May this happen to me if I break this covenant.”

But Abram never walks through.

Instead:

• Abram is put into a deep sleep

• God alone passes through the pieces

The smoking firepot and blazing torch represent the presence of God.

So what is God saying?

He is saying:

“Abram, I am taking full responsibility for this covenant.”

This promise rests finally on My faithfulness, not yours.

That does not mean Abram’s faith does not matter. It does. But the covenant is not secured by Abram’s perfection. It is secured by God’s commitment.

That is why Abram’s later failures do not cancel God’s promise.

Simple way to say it

Abram receives.

God guarantees.

Illustration

It is like an inheritance.

A father prepares something for his children.

The children do not create it.

They do not negotiate it.

They receive what the father establishes.

Genesis 15 shows us that God is building a covenant family, and Abram is receiving what God creates.

Application

That is good news for us.

If God’s promises depended mainly on our consistency, we would all be in trouble.

But the covenant rests on God’s faithfulness.

3. This covenant ultimately points to Jesus (Galatians 3; Lord’s Supper)

Genesis 15 does not end with Abram. It is foundational. It points forward to Christ.

Think again about the covenant ritual.

Animals are cut apart.

The covenant maker passes between them, saying in effect:

“May I bear the curse if this covenant is broken.”

In Genesis 15, God takes that oath upon Himself.

So the big question becomes:

If people fail God again and again, who will bear the covenant curse?

The answer is Jesus.

Galatians 3:13 says:

“Christ redeemed us from the curse of the law by becoming a curse for us.”

Galatians 3:16 says the promises were ultimately centered in Christ.

So Genesis 15 is pointing ahead to the cross.

At the cross:

• God keeps His promise

• God bears the curse

• God secures salvation for His people

What God symbolized in Genesis 15, He fulfills in Jesus.

God said, in effect, “I will bear the cost.”

And at the cross, He did.

That is why Genesis 15 is one of the clearest foreshadowings of the gospel in the Old Testament.

CONCLUSION

So how can we be sure God will keep His promises?

Because in Genesis 15, God does three things:

• He reminds Abram who He is & what He’s done

• He guarantees the covenant Himself based on His willingness to die for our failures

• He points us forward to Jesus

So when you struggle to trust God, remember:

• Look at His character

• Look at His past faithfulness

• Look at the cross

The cross is the ultimate proof that God keeps His word.

LORD’S SUPPER TRANSITION

As we come to the Lord’s Table, we remember that Jesus is the fulfillment of God’s covenant promise.

At this table we look back and remember:

• Christ has died

• Christ is risen

• Christ will come again

The bread and cup remind us that God does not just make promises.

He keeps them.

Jesus said in Luke 22 that the cup is the new covenant in His blood.

So today we come not trusting in our faithfulness to God, but in God’s faithfulness to us through Christ.

Bottom Line: Our confidence in God’s promises rests in His character, His competency, His covenant, and His Christ.

CLOSING APPEAL

So what is God saying to you today?

Perhaps He is saying:

• Stop measuring My faithfulness by your circumstances

• Remember who I am

• Remember what I have done

• Trust My Son

And what will you do about it?

Will you trust Him again?

Will you rest in His faithfulness?

Will you come to the table grateful that Jesus has secured what you never could?

Amen.

NOTES

Numerology

1. The Difference Between 3 and 7

3 — Divine Witness or Divine Action

Three often signals that God himself is acting, confirming, or revealing something.

It frequently appears where God’s activity or testimony is emphasized.

Examples:

Abraham, Isaac, Jacob — the patriarchal line.

Jonah three days in the fish (Jonah 1:17).

Jesus raised on the third day (1 Corinthians 15:4).

• Peter’s threefold restoration (John 21:15–17).

In simple terms:

3 = God’s action or divine testimony.

It often marks a moment when God steps into history.

7 — Completion / Covenant Fulfillment

Seven signals completion, sacred fullness, or covenant perfection.

It often appears where God brings something to its intended completion.

Examples:

7 days of creation (Genesis 1–2).

Sabbath on the 7th day.

Sevenfold covenant symbolism in several passages (e.g., Genesis 21:28–31).

Seven seals, trumpets, bowls in Revelation.

In simple terms:

7 = God bringing something to completion or covenant fullness.

A Helpful Way to Distinguish Them

Number Core Idea Function

3 Divine action / witness God stepping in

7 Divine completion God finishing what He started

So you might say:

3 = God acts

7 = God completes

2. The Number 2 Is Very Relevant in Genesis 15 as well

The Biblical Principle

Deuteronomy 19:15

“A matter must be established by the testimony of two or three witnesses.”

Ancient covenants normally involved two parties walking between the pieces (a self-maledictory oath):

“May what happened to these animals happen to me if I break this covenant.”

What Makes Genesis 15 Unique

Normally two covenant partners would walk the path.

But in Genesis 15:

• Abram does not walk through the pieces.

• Only God passes through (symbolized by the smoking firepot and flaming torch).

It means:

God takes the entire covenant obligation upon himself.

In other words:

• God is both witness and guarantor.

• Abram receives the promise by faith (Genesis 15:6).

3. How the Numbers Work Together in Genesis 15

Interestingly, several symbolic numbers converge here.

2 — Witness / Covenant Testimony

God acts as the covenant guarantor.

3 — Divine Action

The covenant ritual itself emphasizes God’s direct intervention in Abram’s story.

5 Animals (Genesis 15:9)

• Heifer

• Goat

• Ram

• Turtledove

• Pigeon

Some see 5 here as grace, though that connection is less certain.

4. The Real Theological Point

The numbers serve the story, but the story drives the meaning.

Genesis 15 shows:

• Abram believes (15:6)

• God guarantees the promise himself (15:17–18)

Which is exactly how Paul interprets the passage in Romans 4 and Galatians 3.

You could summarize it for preaching like this:

In Genesis 15, God doesn’t just make a promise to Abram—He walks the covenant path alone, declaring that the fulfillment of His promise ultimately rests on Him.

Read More
How Do God's Promises Shape Our Faith Journey? | Genesis 15:1-6

Series: God's Promises, Our Journey

Title: “How Does God’s Promise Shape Our Faith Journey?”

Scripture: Genesis 15:1-6 NIV

Habakkuk 2:4

Luke 2-3

Ephesians 2:8-10

Romans 4:3-5; 20-22

Galatians 3:6-9, 14

James 2:21-23

Bottom Line: When we trust God’s promise, our journey is secure—He makes us right with Him and leads us step by step.

  1. INTRODUCTION

  2. CONTEXT

  3. SERMON OUTLINE

  4. CONCLUSION

  5. NOTES

  6. OUTLINES

  7. QUESTIONS TO CONSIDER

  8. DISCUSSION QUESTIONS

  9. MAIN REFERENCES USED

My opening prayer: Lord God, help us grow to be and do like Jesus, while abiding in him and leading others to do the same.

INTRODUCTION

“The Signed Contract Before the House Exists”

In 2006, we started looking for a house to buy in Summerville. We'd just accepted the position to come to Grace and were excited about what we might move into. But our excitement faded as we saw what we'd care for the money we were bringing from our last house sale. So, in the end, it made more sense for us to build a new house over buying an existing one.

Imagine a young couple buying a home that hasn’t been built yet.

There is:

• No framing

• No roof

• No walls

• Just dirt and a blueprint or rendering

But they sign a contract.

They put down earnest money.

They commit financially.

Why would they do that?

Because they trust:

• The builder’s reputation

• The written promise

• The legal agreement

They are acting today on something they cannot yet see.

That’s Genesis 15.

Abram:

• Has no son

• Has no visible nation

• Has no fulfillment

• Only a word from God

And verse 6 says he signed the contract in his heart.

“Abram believed the LORD…”

Faith is not pretending the house is already standing.

Faith is signing your life to the One who promised to build it.

That sets up:

• Romans 4 — persuaded God will do what He promised

• Galatians 3 — we inherit the same contract by faith

• James 2 — if you signed it, you start living like it

CONTEXT

Genesis 15 comes at a pivotal moment in Abram’s journey. In Genesis 12, God called Abram out of Ur with sweeping promises of land, offspring, and blessing — but Abram still has no child. In Genesis 13, he lets Lot choose the better land and must trust God again for the promise. In Genesis 14, Abram rescues Lot, defeats powerful kings, refuses the riches of Sodom, and is blessed by Melchizedek — demonstrating growing faith and allegiance to God alone. Yet despite spiritual victory, the central promise remains unfulfilled: Abram is aging, Sarai is barren, and the land is still occupied by other nations. Genesis 15 opens in that tension — between promise and fulfillment, between faith and visible reality — and God responds not with rebuke, but with covenant.

OUTLINE (with references):

1. Fear Meets God’s Promise (Genesis 15:1-2): Abraham’s fears—reprisal and no heir—are met by God’s protection and provision.

2. Who God Is in the Journey (Genesis 15:1, 5): Present, protector, provider, sovereign, life-giver—all shaping trust.

3. Faith Receives God’s Promise (Genesis 15:6): Abraham believed, and it was credited as righteousness.

SERMON

Review from Genesis 12:1-3:

  1. God Is the Initiator of Redemption

  2. God Calls His People to Trust Him Before They Understand Him

  3. God’s Blessing Is Never Merely Personal—It Is Missional

  4. God Promises to  Anchor His People in Uncertain Times & Places

  5. God’s People Respond with Obedience, Worship, and Witness

1. Fear Meets God’s Promise (Genesis 15:1-2): Abraham’s fears—reprisal and no heir—are met by God’s protection and provision.

2. Who God Is in the Journey (Genesis 15:1, 5): Present, protector, provider, sovereign, life-giver—all shaping trust.

The stars in the sky in Uganda. (Show Chris' pic)

"On a clear night, at most 5,000 individual stars can be seen with the naked eye, as well as objects like the fuzzy outline of the Andromeda Galaxy, with its estimated 100 billion stars, 2.5 million light years away!" -Lennox, p. 113

"ACCORDING TO THE WRITERS of Hebrews and the Genesis record, the link between faith and righteousness was not a New Testament invention, nor was it even a patriarchal innovation. Instead, the dynamic connection between faith and righteousness is rooted in primeval history well before the flood. The lives of three famous pre-diluvians-Abel, Enoch, and Noah— make this very clear.

Of Abel we read, "By faith Abel offered to God a more acceptable sacrifice than Cain, through which he was commended as righteous, God commending him by accepting his gifts. And through his faith, though he died, he still speaks" (Hebrews 11:4). Faith-righteousness was exemplified in earth's first family by the second son of Adam and Eve.

Of Enoch Genesis says, "Enoch walked with God, and he was not, for God took him" (5:24). The metaphor "walked" indicates closest communion and intimacy—a righteous life. Enoch's godly walk grew out of his faith, as Hebrews makes so clear: "By faith Enoch was taken up so that he should not see death, and he was not found, because God had taken him. Now before he was taken he was commended as having pleased God" (11:5). According to verse 6, his God-pleasing faith believed that "God is" (literal translation of the Greek)-that the sovereign God of creation is God. He also believed that God "rewards those who seek him"-that God is positively equitable.

As a result, Jude 14, 15 records that he became a preacher of righteousness, apparently for his entire life, for some three centuries! Enoch's life demonstrated a righteousness based on faith.

Of Noah Genesis says, "Noah was a righteous man, blameless in his generation. Noah walked with God" (6:9). That Noah "walked with God" identifies him with the godly character of Enoch. But even more significant, the statement that "Noah was a righteous man" is the first occurrence of the word righteous tsadiq) in the Bible. Noah's righteousness was not derived from his being perfect or any antecedent righteousness, but because he believed God, as the writer of Hebrews explains: "By faith Noah, being warned by God concerning events as yet unseen, in reverent fear constructed an ark for the saving of his household" (11:7). The biblical doctrine of imputed righteousness (a righteousness from God) began here in primeval history before the flood!" -Hughes, pp. 221-222

3. Faith Receives God’s Promise (Genesis 15:6): Abraham believed, and it was credited as righteousness.

Cross-References for Genesis 15:6 - Faith credited as righteousness. #core

• Romans 4:3-5, 20-22 - Faith credited as righteousness. #standing #position

• Galatians 3:6-9, 14 - Faith connects us to the promise. #family #mission #nations

• James 2:21-23 - Faith is active, not passive. #living #practical #behaviors

Bottom Line: When we trust God’s promise, our journey is secure—He makes us right with Him and leads us step by step.

So How Does God’s Promise Shape Our Faith Journey?

He brings security, confidence and peace because of who he is and what he does as our personally present provider and protector.

More application:

First, when you face fear—whether fear of the future or uncertainty—remind yourself that God is both your protector and provider. Concretely, when you face a major decision, begin by praying for His presence in it.

Second, trust in God’s promise of righteousness—when you feel inadequate or guilty, recall that your standing is secure by faith. For example, when you fail, don’t retreat—confess and continue walking with Him.

Third, active faith leads to action—like Abraham, step forward in obedience. If God’s promise is sure, what step of obedience is He calling you to right now?

Fourth, when considering your connection to God’s larger promise (like in Galatians 3), remember that your faith ties you to a bigger family of faith. Practically, live out that community—extend grace and include others in your faith journey.

Finally, as James 2 emphasizes, ask yourself: How is my faith visible in action this week? Identify one tangible act of service or obedience you’ll do in response to trusting Him.

CONCLUSION

Bottom Line: When we trust God’s promise, our journey is secure—He makes us right with Him and leads us step by step.

“The Shield You Carry vs. The Shield You Trust”

You could return to Genesis 15:1:

“Do not be afraid, Abram. I am your shield…”

In ancient warfare, a shield only works if you trust it enough to stand behind it.

If a soldier:

• Keeps peeking out

• Keeps lowering the shield

• Keeps running forward in panic

The shield cannot protect him.

The issue is not whether the shield works.

The issue is whether he will stand behind it.

Abram’s fear was real:

• Eastern kings

• No heir

• An aging body

God doesn’t say:

“Be brave.”

He says:

“I am your shield.”

And Abram stands behind that promise.

Romans 4 says he was fully persuaded.

Galatians 3 says we now stand in that same promise.

James 2 says if you really trust the shield, you’ll fight differently.

So the question becomes:

Are you standing behind the Shield?

Or are you trying to carry your own?

That lands the plane cleanly on:

• God as protector

• God as provider

• Faith that rests

• Faith that acts

INVITATION

Peter puts it all in perspective in his first sermon:

““Therefore let all Israel be assured of this: God has made this Jesus, whom you crucified, both Lord and Messiah.” When the people heard this, they were cut to the heart and said to Peter and the other apostles, “Brothers, what shall we do?” Peter replied, “Repent and be baptized, every one of you, in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins. And you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit. The promise is for you and your children and for all who are far off—for all whom the Lord our God will call.”” ‭‭Acts‬ ‭2‬:‭36‬-‭39‬ ‭NIV‬‬

How do we respond? Answer 2 questions:

Take out a card or piece of paper right now. Write down the answer to these questions:

  1. What is God saying to me right now?

  2. What am I going to do about it? Write this down on a sheet of paper.

What I hear you saying, Lord, is ___________________.

[my name] is going to believe/do __________________________________________________ as a result.

Finally, share this with your Home or Mission group this week when you gather as a testimony about what God is doing in your life. You don’t have to get too specific to give him praise.

Lord's Supper, 1 Cor 11:23-26 is good passage.

Also, say something like, "Christ has died, Christ is risen, Christ will come again." (past, present, and future)

Pray

NOTES

"As Von Rad has said, "But above all, his righteousness is not the result of any accomplishments, whether of sacrifice or acts of obedience.

Rather, it is stated programmatically that belief alone has brought Abraham into a proper relationship to God."

This understanding is revolutionary! Circa 2000 B.C., Abram was declared righteous because of his belief. This declaration was in profound accord with the primeval fathers Abel, Enoch, and Noah. Furthermore, the principle has remained operative through both primeval and patriarchal history and the entire old-covenant era and is the foundation of the new covenant." -Hughes, p. 225

"It has always been the same-in primeval times and patriarchal times. under the old covenant and the new covenant: Faith brings righteousness

and salvation.

So it was for Abel: "By faith Abel offered to God a more acceptable sacrifice than Cain" (Hebrews 11:4). Abel was saved by faith, a faith that was not alone because it produced better works than Cain.

So it was for Enoch: "By faith Enoch was taken up so that he should not see death" (Hebrews 11:5). But Enoch's faith was such that he "walked with God" (Genesis 5:22) before he was no more. His faith was a real faith a faith that worked.

So it was for Noah: "By faith Noah, being warned by God concerning events as yet unseen, in reverent fear constructed an ark for the saving of his household. By this he condemned the world and became an heir of the righteousness that comes by faith" (Hebrews 11:7). Noah's profound faith produced a profound obedience. And his works were monumental: "He did all that God commanded him" (Genesis 6:22; cf. 7:5, 9, 16). His was a faith that worked.

So it was with Abram: "By faith Abraham obeyed when he was called to go out to a place that he was to receive as an inheritance. And he went out, not knowing where he was going" (Hebrews 11:8). "By faith Abraham, when he was tested, offered up Isaac" (v. 17a.). Abraham was saved by faith alone-a faith that was not alone faith that works!

We conclude this study with two penetrating questions. Have you rested your faith on God the Son, Jesus Christ, alone for your salvation? That is the first question. Are you trusting your works or Christ? Now if you answer, I am trusting Christ alone," then the second question is, has your faith produced works? Is your faith real enough that it has changed your life? These are salutary questions because you are saved by faith alone. But if it is true faith, it is faith that is not alone but a faith that works." -Hughes, p. 218

"When someone is called 'a person of faith' it usually means that they are adherents of a particular religious tradition. It does not normally refer to the obvious yet frequently overlooked fact that everyone exercises faith every day in a myriad different ways - just think what would happen if people did not place their faith/trust in maps, traffic lights, electric appliances, or doctors, surgeons, pilots, lawyers and so on. In that important sense, everyone is a person of faith. Faith, as such, is not a religious concept." -Lennox, p. 117

Below is:

1. A refined opening (pastoral tone)

2. A clean covenant pivot

3. A governing Big Idea

4. A simple sermon skeleton that keeps the focus where it belongs

🔹 Big Idea for Genesis 15

Here is a clear, governing sentence you can build the entire sermon around:

Because God alone guarantees His covenant promises, we can trust Him completely — even when fulfillment seems impossible.

Or slightly shorter:

When God makes a promise, He stakes His own reputation on keeping it.

That fits your series theme beautifully.

🔹 Sermon Skeleton (Text-Driven)

Genesis 15 naturally unfolds in four movements:

1️⃣ God Reassures a Fearful Abram (15:1)

“Do not be afraid… I am your shield.”

• God gives Himself before He gives land.

• The first promise in the chapter is protection, not territory.

• Application: The promise of God’s presence precedes the promise of provision.

2️⃣ God Counts Abram’s Faith as Righteousness (15:2–6)

Abram asks honest questions.

God responds with stars.

Abram believes.

God credits righteousness.

• This is the theological heart of the chapter.

• Paul builds justification by faith on this verse (Romans 4, Galatians 3).

The land promise sits inside a gospel promise.

3️⃣ God Formalizes the Covenant (15:7–17)

• Animals cut in two.

• Normally both parties walk through.

• Only the smoking firepot and blazing torch (symbolizing God) pass between the pieces.

Meaning:

“If this covenant fails, may I be torn apart.”

Abram contributes nothing to the covenant’s guarantee.

This is grace before Sinai.

4️⃣ God Defines the Land (15:18–21)

Yes — boundaries are named.

Yes — geography matters.

But notice the order:

Faith → Righteousness → Covenant → Land.

The land is downstream of relationship.

The promise of place flows out of the promise of belonging.

🔹 Pastoral Landing for GCF

Given your church’s mission —

“To love God and love people by making disciples of Jesus Christ…” —

Genesis 15 reminds us:

We are not sustained by what we secure.

We are sustained by what God guarantees.

Abram does not conquer land in this chapter.

He trusts a promise.

And every disciple-making movement begins the same way:

Not with control.

Not with strategy.

But with confidence in a covenant-keeping God.

QUESTIONS TO CONSIDER

  1. What do I want them to know?

  2. Why do I want them to know it?

  3. What do I want them to do?

  4. Why do I want them to do it?

  5. How do they do this?

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS

Discovery Bible Study process: https://www.dbsguide.org/

  1. Read the passage together.

  2. Retell the story in your own words.

  3. Discovery the story

    1. What does this story tell me about God?

    2. What does this story tell me about people?

    3. If this is really true, what should I do?

  4. What is God saying to you right now? (Write this down)

  5. What are you going to do about it? (Write this down)

  6. Who am I going to tell about this?

Find our sermons, podcasts, discussion questions and notes at https://www.gracetoday.net/podcast

Alternate Discussion Questions (by Jeff Vanderstelt): Based on this passage:

  1. Who is God?

  2. What has he done/is he doing/is he going to do?

  3. Who am I? (In light of 1 & 2)

  4. What do I do? (In light of who I am)

  5. How do I do it?

Final Questions (Write this down)

  • What is God saying to you right now?

  • What are you going to do about it?

YOUTUBE DESCRIPTION

Here’s the revised YouTube description, with the preacher and links cleanly integrated and placed where viewers expect them:

Series: God’s Promises, Our Journey

Message Title: What Are the Key Ingredients to the Life God Calls Us to Live?

Scripture: Genesis 14:1–24 (NIV); Hebrews 7

Preacher: Darien Gabriel

What does it look like to live the life God calls us to live—especially when we’re surrounded by temptation, fear, and competing allegiances?

In Genesis 14, Abram steps into the first recorded battle in Scripture to rescue his nephew Lot. But the real battle isn’t fought with swords—it’s fought in the heart. Upon returning victorious, Abram is met by two kings and faced with two radically different offers. One tempts him with visible reward and fleeting gain. The other blesses him in the name of El Elyon—God Most High.

This mysterious priest-king, Melchizedek, brings bread and wine, speaks blessing, and points Abram back to the promises of God. Hebrews 7 later reveals that Melchizedek is not just a historical figure—but a powerful signpost pointing forward to Jesus Christ, our eternal King and Priest.

In this message, we explore:

  • Why resting in what God has said is essential to faithful living

  • How righteousness, peace, and blessing flow from wholehearted allegiance to God

  • The contrast between living by sight (Lot) and living by faith (Abram)

  • Why Jesus is the better Melchizedek—our ultimate rescuer and eternal intercessor

Bottom Line:

When we rest in what God has said, we walk in His key ingredients—righteousness, peace, and blessing—so that we might be a blessing to the nations, just as He created us to be.

If you’re feeling torn between what you can see and what God has promised, this message invites you to lift your eyes—and your allegiance—to the King who is also our Priest.

🔗 Learn more about the preacher:

Darien Gabriel — https://dariengabriel.com

⛪ Grace Christian Fellowship:

https://gracetoday.net

📖 Scripture References: Genesis 14; Hebrews 7

🙏 Prayer Focus: Growing to be and do like Jesus, while abiding in Him and leading others to do the same

If this message encouraged you, consider liking, sharing, or subscribing to help others follow the journey of God’s promises together.

Read More
What are the Key Ingredients to the Life God Calls Us to Live? | Genesis 14:1-24

Series: God's Promises, Our Journey

Title: "What are the key ingredients to the life God calls us to live?"

Scripture: Genesis 14:1-24 NIV

Hebrews 7

Bottom line: When we rest in what God said, we walk in his key ingredients of righteousness, peace & blessing that we might be a blessing to the nations as he created us to be.

God reveals himself as our rescuing King and eternal Priest and calls us to wholehearted allegiance.

  1. INTRODUCTION

  2. CONTEXT

  3. SERMON OUTLINE

  4. CONCLUSION

  5. NOTES

  6. OUTLINES

  7. QUESTIONS TO CONSIDER

  8. DISCUSSION QUESTIONS

  9. MAIN REFERENCES USED

My opening prayer: Lord God, help us grow to be and do like Jesus, while abiding in him and leading others to do the same.

INTRODUCTION

Free the Hostages

"ON JUNE 27, 1976, armed operatives for the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) surprised the twelve crew members of an Air France jetliner and its ninety-one passengers, hijacking it to a destination unknown.

The plane was tracked heading for Central Africa, where indeed it did land under the congenial auspices of then Ugandan President Idi Amin. And there it remained apparently secure at Entebbe Airport, where the hijackers spent the next seven days preparing for their next move. The hijackers were by all estimations in the driver's seat.

However, 2,500 miles away in Tel Aviv three Israeli C-130 Hercules transports were secretly boarded by a deadly force of Israeli commandos who within hours attacked Entebbe under cover of darkness. In less than sixty minutes the commandos rushed the old terminal, gunned down the hijackers, and rescued 110 of the 113 hostages. A few days later, July 4, Israel's Premier Yitzhak Rabin triumphantly declared the mission "will become a legend"—which it surely has.' Israel's resolve and stealth in liberating her people is admired by her friends and begrudged by her enemies.

Actually, Israel's resolve is nothing new because the same quality can be traced all the way back to the very beginning of the Hebrew nation in the prowess of their father Abraham. The kidnappers in his day (the Middle Bronze Age) were an international coalition of four eastern kings headed by King Chedorlaomer who attacked the Transjordan, defeating the city states of Sodom and her neighbors, carrying off a large number of hostages That included Abram's nephew Lot." -Hughes, p. 213

CONTEXT

We've gone from Promises of blessings to failure to rest in those promises to returning to the original promise keeper through repentance and faith.

Abram went down to Egypt but returned to between "House of Bread" and "Ruin". It is here he and Lot part ways. He watches Lot choose what he thinks is best for him and yet outside of God's promised land. No doubt he knows this. He just doesn't believe it or realize it.

Genesis 13 contrasts Abram’s faith-shaped restraint with Lot’s sight-driven ambition—and places both under the canopy of God’s covenant faithfulness.

In Genesis 14 we see the first recorded battle in scripture. We meet Melchizedek, and we see Abram draw encouragement from Melchizedek and rest in what God has said.

There's a powerful lesson for us here.

SERMON

Review from Genesis 12:1-3:

  1. God Is the Initiator of Redemption

  2. God Calls His People to Trust Him Before They Understand Him

  3. God’s Blessing Is Never Merely Personal—It Is Missional

  4. God Promises to  Anchor His People in Uncertain Times & Places

  5. God’s People Respond with Obedience, Worship, and Witness

Bottom line: When we rest in what God said, we walk in his key ingredients of righteousness, peace & blessing that we might be a blessing to the nations as he created us to be.

Outline (help from Outline Bible):

I. THE COURAGE OF ABRAM (14:1-16)

A. The villains (14:1-11)

  1. The rebellion (14:1-4): Five Canaanite city-states rebel against Kedorlaomer of Elam.

  2. The retaliation (14:5-11): Kedorlaomer and his allies defeat the armies of the five city-states, plunder their cities, and carry many people away as slaves.

B. The victim (14:12): Lot, now living in Sodom, is taken away as a slave.

C. The victory (14:13-16)

  1. Abram's army (14:13-14): Upon learning of Lot's capture, Abram and his 318 trained servants ride out to rescue Lot.

  2. Abram's attack (14:15): Abram divides his men and initiates a surprise attack at night.

  3. Abram's achievements (14:16): Kedorlaomer is defeated, and Lot is rescued.

II. THE COMMUNION OF ABRAM (14:17-24)

A. The godly and priestly king of Salem (14:17-20): As he is returning from battle to his home in Hebron, Abram meets Melchize-dek, who blesses him. Abram offers him a tenth of all the goods he has recovered from Kedorlaomer.

B. The godless and perverted king of Sodom (14:21-24): In stark contrast, Abram refuses to have any fellowship with Bera, king of wicked Sodom.

My notes on Gen 14:

This sermon is sort of a part 2 to last week.

Abram rescues Lot and co.--people, possessions and all. And he's met by two kings upon his return: Melchizedek and the King of Sodom. (Name?)

Sodom's king can only see that his losses are back and he can get back at least some of them, thanks to Abram, who rightly deserves the spoils of war. He is consumed by what he can see. So he asks for some of it back, though he deserves none of it.

Melchizedek, however, is a mystery. He is there for Abram at a moment when he's tempted to also get seduced by what he can see. But he finds in Mel a kindred spirit of sorts. Actually, he finds a type of Christ.

This type of Christ behaves very much like Christ. He blesses Abram in the name of El Elyon and praises El Elyon for what he did. He honors the greater even as he blesses the lessor. He also blesses Abram and his men with bread and wine. Could this be a whisper to a future Last Supper?

Lot, fresh off his rescue, could easily be taking all of this in. He's no doubt glad to be alive. He is thinking of all his losses. He believes that Abram will restore his fortunes. He's focused on what he lost...what he could see and some of it he can still see. We know this because he follows the king of Sodom back to the city. He doesn't rest in what God has said. He's now further from that than he's ever been.

Abram, inspired by another person who knows El Elyon, rests in the promises of God and eludes the temptation to dwell on what he can see. He tithes 10% of it to Mel, tells Sodom to give his allies their portion for helping, and surrenders the rest back to Sodom, with the possible invitation for any of the rescued people to join him in his growing clan. It appears none take him up on it.

We're back to the contrast between Abram and Lot; a promise of God and a pile of possessions. Abram chooses well, helped by a mysterious king of righteousness, king of peace and priest of a different priesthood.

This mysterious priest shows up right when Abram needs him. He leads with generous gifts followed by blessings to Abram and adoration to El Elyon.

This is where we are as well. But we don't have a type of Christ showing up to help us right when we need him. We have Christ himself. And he showed up on a Roman cross and shows up for us every day at the right hand of the Father interceding for us in our need.

So the next time you're tempted, like I have been for over a week, to feel sorry for yourself, remember that it only would have been worse if he'd not been praying for you.

Chat GPT notes:

  1. Abram rescues Lot. (Temp salvation)

  2. Abram meets a Priest-King. (Melchizedek appears)

  3. Abram worships through giving. (Recognizes divine favor and responds)

  4. Abram refuses King of Sodom. (Allegiance clarified)

  5. Jesus is the better Melchizedek:

    1. Ultimate rescue

    2. Eternal priesthood

    3. Calls for total allegiance

Closing illustration

How many of you heard/saw last week's message?

I've never gotten so much positive feedback on a message in my life. It's just like God to take someone battling the temptation to have his own pity party to do something like that. God is faithful.

What's sad is that there were people online and on-site who heard the message last week and yet didn't get a thing out of it. Nothing. Nada. Zilch.

How can that be? Life-changine for one--Apathetic sigh for the other.

Who's that on?

Abram and Lot were a part of the same war and rescue. But one of them turned away from what God said and went back to the wicked city that was defeated just days before. Like a dog returning to his vomit.

The other turned towards the God of promise: El Elyon. The God Most High. No, not high on a joint--high on his holy hill; holy throne; in his holy temple.

What about you?

CONCLUSION

Bottom line: When we rest in what God said, we walk in his key ingredients of righteousness, peace & blessing that we might be a blessing to the nations as he created us to be.

"Abram rescued Lot from four kings.

Jesus rescues us from sin and death.

Abram met a priest who blessed him.

We have a Priest who intercedes forever.

Abram gave a tenth.

We give our whole lives.

Abram refused Sodom’s reward.

We refuse a kingdom that is passing away.

Because our King is also our Priest." -ChatGPT

INVITATION

Peter puts it all in perspective in his first sermon:

““Therefore let all Israel be assured of this: God has made this Jesus, whom you crucified, both Lord and Messiah.” When the people heard this, they were cut to the heart and said to Peter and the other apostles, “Brothers, what shall we do?” Peter replied, “Repent and be baptized, every one of you, in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins. And you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit. The promise is for you and your children and for all who are far off—for all whom the Lord our God will call.”” ‭‭Acts‬ ‭2‬:‭36‬-‭39‬ ‭NIV‬‬

How do we respond? Answer 2 questions:

Take out a card or piece of paper right now. Write down the answer to these questions:

  1. What is God saying to me right now?

  2. What am I going to do about it? Write this down on a sheet of paper.

What I hear you saying, Lord, is ___________________.

[my name] is going to believe/do __________________________________________________ as a result.

Finally, share this with your Home or Mission group this week when you gather as a testimony about what God is doing in your life. You don’t have to get too specific to give him praise.

Lord's Supper, 1 Cor 11:23-26 is good passage.

Also, say something like, "Christ has died, Christ is risen, Christ will come again." (past, present, and future)

Pray

NOTES

This is an important theological distinction—especially as you preach through Genesis and encounter figures like Melchizedek in Genesis 14.

Let me define the categories carefully and then contrast them.

1️⃣ What Is a

Type of Christ?

A type (Greek: typos) is a historical person, event, or institution intentionally designed by God to foreshadow Christ.

It is:

  • Real history

  • Symbolically patterned

  • Forward-pointing

  • Incomplete without Christ

The type is not Jesus Himself.

It is a divinely embedded preview.

Key Characteristics of a Type

  • Historical reality

  • Escalation or fulfillment in Christ

  • Often clarified by later Scripture

  • Analogical, not identical

Biblical Examples

Adam

Paul explicitly calls Adam a “type” of Christ (Romans 5:14).

Adam = representative head → Christ = greater representative head.

Melchizedek

Hebrews 7 presents Melchizedek as a type:

  • King of righteousness

  • King of peace

  • Priest of God Most High

  • Without recorded genealogy

But Hebrews never says Melchizedek was Christ — he was “made like” the Son of God (Heb 7:3).

Joseph

Rejected brother → exalted savior → forgives those who wronged him.

A clear Christ-pattern.

Definition:

A type of Christ is a God-ordained historical shadow that finds its ultimate fulfillment in Jesus.

2️⃣ What Is a

Pre-Incarnate Christ (Christophany)?

A Christophany is an actual appearance of the Son of God before the incarnation.

It is:

  • A real manifestation

  • Personal and divine

  • Not symbolic

  • The second Person of the Trinity appearing visibly

This is not foreshadowing — this is presence.

Classic Christophany Texts

Angel of the LORD

In several passages:

  • Speaks as God

  • Receives worship

  • Forgives sin

  • Identifies Himself as Yahweh

Examples:

  • Genesis 16 (Hagar)

  • Genesis 22 (Abraham and Isaac)

  • Exodus 3 (burning bush)

  • Judges 13 (Manoah)

Many evangelical theologians conclude this is the pre-incarnate Son.

The “Commander of the Lord’s Army” (Joshua 5)

Accepts worship. Identifies ground as holy.

Definition:

A Christophany is a real, pre-incarnate appearance of the eternal Son of God.

3️⃣ The Core Differences

Type of Christ

Christophany

Symbolic foreshadowing

Actual divine appearance

Human or event

Divine manifestation

Points forward to Christ

Is Christ

Incomplete

Fully divine presence

Analogical resemblance

Ontological identity

4️⃣ The Melchizedek Question (Critical for Your Genesis 14 Preaching)

Some argue Melchizedek was a Christophany.

But Hebrews 7 does not say he was the Son of God — it says:

“He is made like the Son of God.”

That language supports typology, not incarnation.

Hebrews is arguing:

  • Jesus is not in the order of Aaron.

  • He is in the order of Melchizedek.

  • Melchizedek prefigures Christ’s eternal priesthood.

If Melchizedek were literally Christ, the argument collapses.

You can’t be “in the order of” yourself.

So for Genesis 14:

  • Melchizedek is best understood as a type.

  • The Angel of the LORD passages are stronger candidates for Christophany.

OUTLINES

SECTION OUTLINE SEVEN (HEBREWS 7) The author identifies and equates the priesthood of Jesus with that of Melchizedek. I. A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE (7:1-3) A. The person of Melchizedek (7:1 a, 2b-3)

  1. Who he was (7:2b): His name means "king of justice," and he was also the "king of peace."

  2. What he did (7:1a): He was both priest and king over the city of Salem.

  3. Where he came from (7:3): There is no record of either his birth or his death. B. The preeminence of Melchizedek (7:1b-2a)

B. The preeminence of Melchizedek (7:1 b-2a)

  1. The battle (7:2a): Following the defeat of his enemies, Abraham met Melchizedek and paid tithes to him.

  2. The blessing (7:1 b): Melchizedek blessed Abraham.

II. A THEOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE (7:4-28): The author lists the various characteristics of Jesus, who, according to the Father's decree, is to be a priest after the order of Melchizedek (see Ps. 110:4). Thus, his priesthood would be: A. Royal (as was that of Melchizedek) (see 7:1) B. Superior (7:4-10)

  1. To whom? (7:5-7): To Levi, founder of the levitical priesthood.

  2. Why? (7:4, 8-10)

a. Abraham was the ancestor of Levi (7:9). b. The yet unborn Levi thus tithed to Melchizedek while still in the loins of Abraham (7:4, 8, 10). C. Independent (7:11-15)

  1. Independent of the law (7:11-12).

  2. Independent of the tribe of Levi (7: 13-15): Christ came from the tribe of Judah.

  3. D. Everlasting (7:16-17)

  4. E. Guaranteed (7:20-22): The Father himself took an oath concerning this.

  5. F. Continuous (7:23)

  6. G. Permanent (7:24)

  7. H. Holy (7:26)

  8. I. All-sufficient (7:18-19, 25, 27)

  9. J. Flawless (7:28)

QUESTIONS TO CONSIDER

  1. What do I want them to know?

  2. Why do I want them to know it?

  3. What do I want them to do?

  4. Why do I want them to do it?

  5. How do they do this?

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS

Discovery Bible Study process: https://www.dbsguide.org/

  1. Read the passage together.

  2. Retell the story in your own words.

  3. Discovery the story

    1. What does this story tell me about God?

    2. What does this story tell me about people?

    3. If this is really true, what should I do?

  4. What is God saying to you right now? (Write this down)

  5. What are you going to do about it? (Write this down)

  6. Who am I going to tell about this?

Find our sermons, podcasts, discussion questions and notes at https://www.gracetoday.net/podcast

Alternate Discussion Questions (by Jeff Vanderstelt): Based on this passage:

  1. Who is God?

  2. What has he done/is he doing/is he going to do?

  3. Who am I? (In light of 1 & 2)

  4. What do I do? (In light of who I am)

  5. How do I do it?

Final Questions (Write this down)

  • What is God saying to you right now?

  • What are you going to do about it?

YOUTUBE DESCRIPTION

Here’s the revised YouTube description, with the preacher and links cleanly integrated and placed where viewers expect them:

Series: God’s Promises, Our Journey

Message Title: What Are the Key Ingredients to the Life God Calls Us to Live?

Scripture: Genesis 14:1–24 (NIV); Hebrews 7

Preacher: Darien Gabriel

What does it look like to live the life God calls us to live—especially when we’re surrounded by temptation, fear, and competing allegiances?

In Genesis 14, Abram steps into the first recorded battle in Scripture to rescue his nephew Lot. But the real battle isn’t fought with swords—it’s fought in the heart. Upon returning victorious, Abram is met by two kings and faced with two radically different offers. One tempts him with visible reward and fleeting gain. The other blesses him in the name of El Elyon—God Most High.

This mysterious priest-king, Melchizedek, brings bread and wine, speaks blessing, and points Abram back to the promises of God. Hebrews 7 later reveals that Melchizedek is not just a historical figure—but a powerful signpost pointing forward to Jesus Christ, our eternal King and Priest.

In this message, we explore:

  • Why resting in what God has said is essential to faithful living

  • How righteousness, peace, and blessing flow from wholehearted allegiance to God

  • The contrast between living by sight (Lot) and living by faith (Abram)

  • Why Jesus is the better Melchizedek—our ultimate rescuer and eternal intercessor

Bottom Line:

When we rest in what God has said, we walk in His key ingredients—righteousness, peace, and blessing—so that we might be a blessing to the nations, just as He created us to be.

If you’re feeling torn between what you can see and what God has promised, this message invites you to lift your eyes—and your allegiance—to the King who is also our Priest.

Read More
What Happens When We Rest in God's Unshakable Promises? | Genesis 13:1-18

Series: God's Promises, Our Journey

Title: "What happens when we rest in God's unshakable promises?"

Scripture: Genesis 13:1-18 NIV

Matthew 6:33

1 Corinthians 2:14-3:3

2 Corinthians 4:16-18

James 3:13-4:10

2 Peter 2:7-8

Bottom line: When God’s people trust His promises, they can release what they see and rest in what He has said. Or

Faith chooses promise over possession.

  1. INTRODUCTION

  2. CONTEXT

  3. SERMON OUTLINE

  4. CONCLUSION

  5. NOTES

  6. OUTLINES

  7. QUESTIONS TO CONSIDER

  8. DISCUSSION QUESTIONS

  9. MAIN REFERENCES USED

My opening prayer: Lord God, help us grow to be and do like Jesus, while abiding in him and leading others to do the same.

INTRODUCTION

When I was in high school, I was encouraged by my dad to go to a good college to get a good job. A noble endeavor, as I saw it.

In college I chose an engineering degree that would provide for that vision.

I was focusing on what I could see.

I wasn't focused on what I could not see.

When God called me into the ministry, he called me out of a career of engineering. I'd been practicing civil engineering as a consultant for five years, and had finally found my footing and was beginning to be productive in the eyes of the company. I finally felt like I belonged.

God called me out of that into full-time ministry and I never really questioned the money piece. In other words by God's grace, I was able to look past the money to the Ministry that God was calling me too. I was able to walk by Faith instead of my sight.

In this passage today, Genesis 13 we'll see a contrast between Abram and Lot. Lot will choose based on what he sees. Abram chooses based on the promises of God.

When we trust in God's unshakable promises, we will release what we see, and rest in what he has said instead.

What are some of those promises?

God is able

God hears

God sees

God is with us

God cares

God satisfies

God approves

These are just some of the many promises throughout scripture that you and I have to bank on when we rest in him. Let's look at the life and the contrast of Abram and Lot and see how it plays out in chapter 13.

CONTEXT

We've gone from Promises of blessings to failure to rest in those promises to returning to the original promise keeper through repentance and faith.

Abram went down to Egypt but returned to between "House of Bread" and "Ruin". It is here he and Lot part ways. He watches Lot choose what he thinks is best for him and yet outside of God's promised land. No doubt he knows this. He just doesn't believe it or realize it.

Genesis 13 contrasts Abram’s faith-shaped restraint with Lot’s sight-driven ambition—and places both under the canopy of God’s covenant faithfulness.

SERMON

Review from Genesis 12:1-3:

  1. God Is the Initiator of Redemption

  2. God Calls His People to Trust Him Before They Understand Him

  3. God’s Blessing Is Never Merely Personal—It Is Missional

  4. God Promises to  Anchor His People in Uncertain Times & Places

  5. God’s People Respond with Obedience, Worship, and Witness

My notes on Gen 13:

God is.../God does...

  • Merciful / forgives, restores

  • West, spiritually (10) / Draws his people west, spiritually (10)

  • Holy, just judge (10) / judges righteously (10)

  • Permissive / allowed us to make mistakes and even sin

  • Faithful (14-17) / kept his promise (14-17)

  • Omnipotent (14-17) / able to deliver on his promise (14-17)

  • Worthy of our worship (18) / Receives our worship w/ pleasure when by grace through faith (18)

People are.../People do...

  • Can be faithful, humble (3-4) / repent, return to the Lord (3-4); call on the name of the Lord (4)

  • Tempted by riches (5, 10-11) / Pursue riches over God and end up in dark places (5, 10-11)

  • Divided, greedy (6-7) / Quarrelsom (6-7)

  • A witness to the world (7b) / A good or poor witness (7b)

  • Gracious; magnanimous (8-9) / yield to the underserving (8-9)

  • Brothers & sisters of humanity & sometimes in Christ (8) / Care about each other (8) or not

  • Lost; citizens of this world; born sinners (10-13) / Pursue the things of this world (10-13)

  • Faithful (at times), blessed (14-17) / Obedient, humble, grateful, faithful, believing (14-17)

  • Content for, yearn for God's presence (18) / Seek, pursue, rest in the Lord (18)

CONCLUSION

Bottom line: When God’s people trust His promises, they can release what they see and rest in what He has said.

"Fellow believers (Abram's spiritual seed), when we truly believe the promises that are ours in Christ, when we truly understand and believe that we are seated right now in him in the heavenly places, when we understand that all things are ours in Christ, we will cease our grasping. As Alexander Maclaren put it:

The less of our energies are consumed in asserting ourselves, and scrambling for our rights, and cutting in before other people, so as to get the best places for ourselves, the more we shall have to spare for better things; and the more we live in the future, and leave God to order our ways, the more shall our souls be wrapped in perfect peace.'" -Hughes, pp. 200-201

INVITATION

Peter puts it all in perspective in his first sermon:

““Therefore let all Israel be assured of this: God has made this Jesus, whom you crucified, both Lord and Messiah.” When the people heard this, they were cut to the heart and said to Peter and the other apostles, “Brothers, what shall we do?” Peter replied, “Repent and be baptized, every one of you, in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins. And you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit. The promise is for you and your children and for all who are far off—for all whom the Lord our God will call.”” ‭‭Acts‬ ‭2‬:‭36‬-‭39‬ ‭NIV‬‬

How do we respond? Answer 2 questions:

Take out a card or piece of paper right now. Write down the answer to these questions:

  1. What is God saying to me right now?

  2. What am I going to do about it? Write this down on a sheet of paper.

What I hear you saying, Lord, is ___________________.

[my name] is going to believe/do __________________________________________________ as a result.

Finally, share this with your Home or Mission group this week when you gather as a testimony about what God is doing in your life. You don’t have to get too specific to give him praise.

Lord's Supper, 1 Cor 11:23-26 is good passage.

Also, say something like, "Christ has died, Christ is risen, Christ will come again." (past, present, and future)

Pray

NOTES

The Apostle Paul talks about 3 kinds of people in the world somewhere in 1 Corinthians I think. Lost people, carnal Christians, and spiritual Christians. I think I read this in a Warren Wiersbe commentary pointing to Lot as a carnal Christian when considering 2 Peter 2:7-8. Does Paul say this?

Short answer by ChatGPT:

Yes, Paul does describe three kinds of people in 1 Corinthians 2–3 — but he does not present them as three permanent classes of Christians.

He contrasts unbelievers with two conditions of believers.

That distinction matters.

Where Paul says this

1 Corinthians 2:14–3:3 (flow of thought)

Paul uses three Greek adjectives:

  1. ψυχικός (psychikos) — natural / unspiritual

  2. πνευματικός (pneumatikos) — spiritual

  3. σάρκινος / σαρκικός (sarkinos / sarkikos) — fleshly / carnal

These form the three categories you’re remembering.

The Three Types Explained

1. Natural person — unbeliever (2:14)

This person:

  • does not receive the things of the Spirit

  • considers them foolish

  • lacks spiritual discernment

This is clearly outside Christ.

Paul is describing someone without the Spirit.

So this one is not debated.

2. Spiritual person — mature believer (2:15–16)

This person:

  • discerns spiritual realities

  • has “the mind of Christ”

  • is walking under the Spirit’s influence

This is what we might call:

  • mature

  • Spirit-led

  • growing

  • responsive to God

This is Paul’s goal for every believer.

3. Fleshly / carnal believer — immature believer (3:1–3)

This is the key text:

Paul says to the Corinthians (paraphrasing):

I could not speak to you as spiritual people, but as fleshly people, as infants in Christ… you are still fleshly… there is jealousy and strife among you.

Notice carefully:

He still calls them “in Christ.”

So they are:

  • saved

  • but immature

  • behaving like unbelievers

  • dominated by worldly patterns

This is not a third ontological class — it’s stunted growth.

So what is Paul actually teaching?

Here’s the most accurate way to state it:

Not:

❌ Three fixed types of people

But:

✅ Two groups (unbelievers vs believers), with believers living in two possible conditions (spiritual or fleshly)

In other words:

Category

Spiritual Status

Condition

Natural

Unregenerate

Cannot understand

Carnal

Regenerate

Immature / worldly

Spiritual

Regenerate

Mature / Spirit-led

Where Wiersbe and others get “three kinds of people”

Teachers like Warren W. Wiersbe simplify Paul’s language pedagogically.

It’s a teaching framework, not Paul’s formal taxonomy.

Helpful for preaching.

But not meant as rigid categories.

Your Lot connection (2 Peter 2:7–8)

This is actually a good biblical illustration.

Peter calls Lot:

  • “righteous”

  • yet compromised

  • distressed

  • living foolishly in Sodom

So:

  • justified positionally

  • but practically worldly

That fits the carnal/immature believer concept very well.

So Wiersbe’s use of Lot is pastorally reasonable.

Theologically important clarification

Some traditions mistakenly build a doctrine like:

“There are three kinds of Christians: saved, carnal, and spiritual.”

Paul does not teach that.

His point is corrective:

“You should be spiritual by now — but you’re acting fleshly.”

It’s rebuke, not classification.

He expects growth.

Bottom line

Yes — Paul does describe:

  • natural people

  • fleshly believers

  • spiritual believers

But he is describing spiritual maturity levels, not permanent types.

The “carnal Christian” is:

not a category to settle into

but a condition to repent from.

If you want, we can next:

  • look at the Greek terms more closely

  • compare with Romans 8 (flesh vs Spirit)

  • or explore whether “carnal Christian” is the best phrase theologically (some scholars push back on that wording)

  • or build a teaching/diagram you could use in a sermon or class

Where would you like to go deeper?

OUTLINES

QUESTIONS TO CONSIDER

  1. What do I want them to know?

  2. Why do I want them to know it?

  3. What do I want them to do?

  4. Why do I want them to do it?

  5. How do they do this?

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS

Discovery Bible Study process: https://www.dbsguide.org/

  1. Read the passage together.

  2. Retell the story in your own words.

  3. Discovery the story

    1. What does this story tell me about God?

    2. What does this story tell me about people?

    3. If this is really true, what should I do?

  4. What is God saying to you right now? (Write this down)

  5. What are you going to do about it? (Write this down)

  6. Who am I going to tell about this?

Find our sermons, podcasts, discussion questions and notes at https://www.gracetoday.net/podcast

Alternate Discussion Questions (by Jeff Vanderstelt): Based on this passage:

  1. Who is God?

  2. What has he done/is he doing/is he going to do?

  3. Who am I? (In light of 1 & 2)

  4. What do I do? (In light of who I am)

  5. How do I do it?

Final Questions (Write this down)

  • What is God saying to you right now?

  • What are you going to do about it?

MAIN REFERENCES USED

“Genesis,” by R. Kent Hughes, Preaching the Word Commentary, Edited by Kent Hughes

Exalting Jesus in Genesis, by Bethancourt

The Genesis Record, by Henry Morris

The Genesis Factor, by David Helms & Jon Dennis

“Look at the Book” by John Piper (LATB)

“The Bible Knowledge Commentary” by Walvoord, Zuck (BKC)

“The Bible Exposition Commentary” by Warren Wiersbe (BEC)

"Genesis" by Briscoe (TCC)

Outline Bible, D Willmington (OB)

Willmington’s Bible Handbook, D Willmington (WBH)

NIV Study Bible (NIVSB) https://www.biblica.com/resources/scholar-notes/niv-study-bible/

Chronological Life Application Study Bible (NLT)

ESV Study Bible (ESVSB) https://www.esv.org

The Bible Project https://bibleproject.com

“The Bible in One Year 2023 with Nicky Gumbel” bible reading plan on YouVersion app (BIOY)

Claude.ai

Read More
Where Do You Go When You Fail God? | Genesis 12:10-13:4

Series: God's Promises, Our Journey

Title: "Where do you go when you fail God?"

Scripture: Genesis 12:10-13:04 NIV

James 1:2-6

Bottom line: When we fail God, we return to the place where we left his presence and start again.

  1. INTRODUCTION

  2. CONTEXT

  3. SERMON OUTLINE

  4. CONCLUSION

  5. NOTES

  6. OUTLINES

  7. QUESTIONS TO CONSIDER

  8. DISCUSSION QUESTIONS

  9. MAIN REFERENCES USED

My opening prayer: Lord God, help us grow to be and do like Jesus, while abiding in him and leading others to do the same.

INTRODUCTION

Many of you know that last week we were online only due to the snow and hazardous roads. I was super encouraged by the number of people who tuned in as well.

However, the most common feedback I got was interesting. Apparently, it looked like I was reading from the back of my Bible. But I was reading Genesis which is in the front of our Bibles. So, just to set the record straight, I was reading from the front of my Bible while my iPhone live-streamed the mirror-version of me reading. Some of you figured that out by looking at my rings or some other thing. I thought that was funny:-).

So "Hero to zero" is a term that athletes sometimes use to describe when a player follows an amazing play with a boneheaded play. I see this in Ultimate Frisbee a lot. (And have done it too)

You make an amazing, diving catch. The sidelines erupt with sounds of awe and groans of opposition. Then the player jumps up and instead of dropping it to the open handler poised to throw a scoring strike, they act on their inflated confidence and make a poor throw that ends up in the other teams hands. Hero to zero.

The psychological term is overconfidence effect.

I don't know if Abram is dealing with that but he definitely goes from a very high confidence in God to a very high confidence in himself.

Let's read this together now.

Shorter-

God initiates redemption, calls us to trust Him without all the details, blesses us for the sake of the world, anchors us with His promises, and forms a people who respond with obedience, worship, and witness.

Longer-

God is the One who initiates redemption. He calls people before they understand all the details, inviting them to trust His voice and follow His lead. God’s blessing is never merely personal—it is always meant to flow outward for the sake of others and ultimately for the nations. Along the way, God anchors His people in uncertain places with unshakable promises. And when God calls, His people respond—not perfectly, but faithfully—through obedience, worship, and public witness as they walk with Him step by step.

CONTEXT

**Genesis 12 marks a decisive turning point in the biblical story, as God initiates His redemptive plan through one man and one family, promising land, descendants, and blessing that will ultimately extend to all nations. God’s promises are spoken clearly and graciously at the outset, calling Abram to leave what is familiar and trust God with an unknown future. Abram responds in faith, worship, and obedience, yet the chapter quickly reveals that walking in God’s promises does not mean a flawless journey. Famine, fear, and failure follow obedience, exposing Abram’s weakness and need for grace. Throughout the chapter, God remains faithful to protect His promise, preserve Sarai, and continue His purposes despite Abram’s missteps. Genesis 12 therefore holds together both realities of our series, God’s Promises, Our Journey: God’s promises are unshakable, while the journey of faith is marked by growth, testing, and restoration rather than perfection.

SERMON (influenced by W Wiersbe, Kent Hughes, and Bethancourt)

Review last week:

  1. God Is the Initiator of Redemption

  2. God Calls His People to Trust Him Before They Understand Him

  3. God’s Blessing Is Never Merely Personal—It Is Missional

  4. God Promises to  Anchor His People in Uncertain Times & Places

  5. God’s People Respond with Obedience, Worship, and Witness

Truth 1: Tests often follow triumphs.

  • Moses gets Israel delivered from Pharaoh after the 10th plague followed by Pharaoh abusing the entire arm after them and trapping them against the Red Sea.

  • God brought them through the Red Sea only to test them with no water in the desert. Then no bread. Then no meat.

God's tests often come after triumph when we're tempted to think the victory was because of us--not God. We quickly forget God.

Of course, God doesn't have us face the tests alone. He allows them for our good* and for his glory. God is with us so we don't have to be afraid.

*James 1:1-12

Application: So after a faith victory, expect a trial or test. Humble yourself instead of swelling with pride by thanking God and asking him to not let you forget who made that happen or who the source of that grace and provision is.

Truth 2: Tests tempt us to run.

  • Ex. People travel up and down I-95 from NY to FL asking for $$$ from people and churches because they're running from crisis only to travel back a year later.

  • Ex. People move from one town to another trying to start over as if all their problems will stay behind.

12:10 Instead of staying (or even just asking God), Abram schemes his own plan. A plan with dangers and risks.

We go "down" to Egypt not just topographically (elevation is lower in Egypt) but spiritually, in the Bible. (Abe, Mo, Joe)

We go "up" to Jerusalem (where God lives) not just topographicaly (elevation is high) but spiritually, in the Bible.

Application: When testing occurs, stay put until God tells you to go.

  • Now, I've met with a lot of people who say God told them to go, even though their sitting in front of me in crisis. So this requires great discernment and prayer.

  • Faith moves towards peace and hope.

  • Unbelief moves towards restlessness and fear.

Truth 3: God is great! Therefore, he's in control so I don't have to be; he is able.

  • I am safer in a famine IN HIS WILL that in a palace OUT OF HIS WILL.

  • "The will of God will never lead you where the grace of God cannot keep you." (A saying)

  • Abe failed his test with God. This lead to more problems!

  • "When you enroll into the 'school of faith' you can't just drop out because of failure." -WW

It was the first nine weeks of my freshman year in high school. I'd just moved to Summerville 3 months before. And I just failed the first nine weeks of Alebra 1. I'd never failed any class or nine weeks before. I was scared to go home that day. My parents were concerned by supportive. We worked harder and I finished the year with a C average. I might have felt it was a little unfair since my teachers name was Mr. Phailer. But I digress...

Abram went down to Egypt moving from trust to scheming/grasping.

  • No altars built in Egypt.

  • No calling on the name of the Lord in Egypt.

  • No worship of God in Egypt.

  • When we stop trusting God's word, we start leaning on man's wisdom. -WW

  • Half-truths are used to deceive. In the 10 commandments, it says do not commit false witness. Do not deceive others. Abram did that.

Abram...

  1. Moves from trust to scheming or grasping

  2. Moves from confidence to fear ("I will" to "they will")

  3. Moves from "others" to self

  4. Moves from bringing blessings to bringing judgment

Truth 4: God keeps his promises. God graciously brought him (them) through it all. Mainly because it would have ruined his promise.

God rescued them from Pharaoh and sent them home well-provisioned.

This foreshadowed the fleecing that would occur when Moses led Israel out of Egypt and through the Red Sea.

Truth 5: Repentance leads to New Beginnings. When you stop trusting God's word and disobey, the only right thing to do is to go back to where you left him and make a new beginning. (1 John 1:9)

  • Abram went back to his tent and altar in the Promised Land; to his life as a sojourner and stranger in this world.

  • What was the big deal?! He came out well-provisioned and safe.

    • It led to other problems with Lot

    • Sarai paid a price

Application: Never abandon your altar. Stay in fellowship with the Lord and his people no matter the crisis. Resist the temptation to run or isolate. Rest in his provision and protection found in his community. This is part of his covenant relationship we made with us. And he is faithful!

CONCLUSION

Bottom line: When we fail God, we return to the place where we left his presence and start again. A new beginning.

God's promises are unshakable. They are for Abraham and they are for us through Jesus Christ.

Will we have times of fear and doubt? Yes.

Will God be there for us no matter what? Yes!

How do we minimize the times of fear and doubt?

We humble ourselves and review God's promises thanking God for them and resting in them. We continue our journey by grace through faith. When we get off track, we return to where we got off track and make another new beginning. We remember these truths and receive his blessings by obeying God's word, worship God himself, and being a blessing in word and deed daily.

INVITATION

Peter puts it all in perspective in his first sermon:

““Therefore let all Israel be assured of this: God has made this Jesus, whom you crucified, both Lord and Messiah.” When the people heard this, they were cut to the heart and said to Peter and the other apostles, “Brothers, what shall we do?” Peter replied, “Repent and be baptized, every one of you, in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins. And you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit. The promise is for you and your children and for all who are far off—for all whom the Lord our God will call.”” ‭‭Acts‬ ‭2‬:‭36‬-‭39‬ ‭NIV‬‬

How do we respond? Answer 2 questions:

Take out a card or piece of paper right now. Write down the answer to these questions:

  1. What is God saying to me right now?

  2. What am I going to do about it? Write this down on a sheet of paper.

What I hear you saying, Lord, is ___________________.

[my name] is going to believe/do __________________________________________________ as a result.

Finally, share this with your Home or Mission group this week when you gather as a testimony about what God is doing in your life. You don’t have to get too specific to give him praise.

Lord's Supper, 1 Cor 11:23-26 is good passage.

Also, say something like, "Christ has died, Christ is risen, Christ will come again." (past, present, and future)

Pray

NOTES

"Fellow believers (Abram's spiritual seed), when we truly believe the promises that are ours in Christ, when we truly understand and believe that we are seated right now in him in the heavenly places, when we understand that all things are ours in Christ, we will cease our grasping.

As Alexander Maclaren put it:

The less of our energies are consumed in asserting ourselves, and scrambling for our rights, and cutting in before other people, so as to get the best places for ourselves, the more we shall have to spare for better things; and Whereas Abram was living by taith, Lot was living by sight, much as Proram had lived in Egypt."

-Alexander MacLaren, Hughes, pp. 200-201

Illustration from last week:

"I only have eyes for..."

AN EXTRAORDINARY ANECDOTE comes to us from the annals of ancient Mideastern history. As the story goes, Cyrus, the great conqueror of the then known world including Babylon, had a general under his authority whose wife was suspected of treason. She was tried before a great and austere tribunal, found guilty, and sentenced to death. After the sentence was pronounced, the woman’s husband (a general) made his way to Cyrus’s throne and requested, “King Cyrus, please let me take her place.” Cyrus, in awe at what was transpiring before him, said to his court, “Can we terminate a love as great as this?” He then paroled the woman to her husband. As the couple left the court, the general said to his wife, “Did you see the benevolent look in Cyrus’s eyes as he pardoned you?” The wife responded, “I only had eyes for the one who loved me enough that he was willing to die for me.”

OUTLINES

QUESTIONS TO CONSIDER

  1. What do I want them to know?

  2. Why do I want them to know it?

  3. What do I want them to do?

  4. Why do I want them to do it?

  5. How do they do this?

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS

Discovery Bible Study process: https://www.dbsguide.org/

  1. Read the passage together.

  2. Retell the story in your own words.

  3. Discovery the story

    1. What does this story tell me about God?

    2. What does this story tell me about people?

    3. If this is really true, what should I do?

  4. What is God saying to you right now? (Write this down)

  5. What are you going to do about it? (Write this down)

  6. Who am I going to tell about this?

Find our sermons, podcasts, discussion questions and notes at https://www.gracetoday.net/podcast

Alternate Discussion Questions (by Jeff Vanderstelt): Based on this passage:

  1. Who is God?

  2. What has he done/is he doing/is he going to do?

  3. Who am I? (In light of 1 & 2)

  4. What do I do? (In light of who I am)

  5. How do I do it?

Final Questions (Write this down)

  • What is God saying to you right now?

  • What are you going to do about it?

MAIN REFERENCES USED

“Genesis,” by R. Kent Hughes, Preaching the Word Commentary, Edited by Kent Hughes

Exalting Jesus in Genesis, by Bethancourt

The Genesis Record, by Henry Morris

The Genesis Factor, by David Helms & Jon Dennis

“Look at the Book” by John Piper (LATB)

“The Bible Knowledge Commentary” by Walvoord, Zuck (BKC)

“The Bible Exposition Commentary” by Warren Wiersbe (BEC)

"Genesis" by Briscoe (TCC)

Outline Bible, D Willmington (OB)

Willmington’s Bible Handbook, D Willmington (WBH)

NIV Study Bible (NIVSB) https://www.biblica.com/resources/scholar-notes/niv-study-bible/

Chronological Life Application Study Bible (NLT)

ESV Study Bible (ESVSB) https://www.esv.org

The Bible Project https://bibleproject.com

“The Bible in One Year 2023 with Nicky Gumbel” bible reading plan on YouVersion app (BIOY)

Claude.ai

Read More
Will You Trust God Without Knowing the Details? | Genesis 11:27-12:9

Will You Trust God Without Knowing the Details?
 Genesis 11:27–12:9
Series: God’s Promises, Our Journey
Sermon by Darien R. Gabriel (https://DarienGabriel.com)

What do you do when God calls—but doesn’t give you all the details?

In Genesis 11:27–12:9, God calls Abram to leave what is familiar and follow Him into an unknown future. There is no map, no timeline, and no explanation—only God’s voice, His promises, and a direction to move. This moment becomes a turning point not only in Abram’s life, but in the story of God’s redemption for the world.

In this message, we explore how God initiates redemption, calls His people to trust Him before they understand everything, and blesses them not merely for themselves but for the sake of the nations. God’s promises anchor us in uncertain places, and true faith responds with obedience, worship, and public witness, even when the journey is unclear.

This sermon launches a series through the life of Abraham called God’s Promises, Our Journey (Genesis 12–25) and invites us to wrestle with a question every follower of Jesus must answer: 

Will you trust God without knowing the details?

Key Themes:

  • Trusting God before clarity comes

  • God’s promises and global mission

  • Faith expressed through obedience, worship, and witness

  • Being blessed to be a blessing

  • Living as channels, not reservoirs, of God’s grace

Read More